surgical abortion

Abort Surgical Abortion: What is it and what are its types?

Surgical abortion is a medical procedure that is carried out to end a pregnancy, by means of the extraction of the fetus and the placenta of the uterus. It is also endorsed by the World Health Organization and recommended by the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics.

 surgical abortion and curettage

 It is a safe procedure when it is done from week 6 of pregnancy onwards; before this time it is advisable, if you want to end a pregnancy, do it through abortive pills such as Cytotec.

 Before performing an abortion of this type, the woman should undergo certain routine studies such as a blood test, to ensure that she is pregnant and that she does not suffer from diseases such as anemia or bleeding disorders.

 Do not eat or drink at least eight hours before its completion, in case general anesthesia is going to be used, this point will be explained later.

 A surgical abortion is a medical procedure that must be done in a health center, with personnel that have knowledge in the matter, since it can have consequences if it is done incorrectly. Table of contents [hide]     1 We explain what are the different types:    

       1.0.1 Abortion by aspiration      

     1.0.2 Abortion by suction and curettage      


     1.0.3 Abortion due to dilatation and evacuation  


     1.1 The process step by step:       
     1.1.1 Local anesthesia      
      1.1.2 Conscious sedation    
        1.1.3 General anesthesia    
    1.2 What is the best method?    
    1.3 These are the associated risks         
   1.3.1 Care after a curettage We explain what are the different types:
 types of abortions

We explain their application according to the time of gestation: Aspiration abortion It is a very safe procedure, which can be done until the 12th week of pregnancy, it is a simple way to end an unwanted pregnancy and its completion has an approximate time of 15 minutes.

The procedure, which is also known as aspiration curettage, involves placing some local anesthesia to dilate the cervix, then placing a flexible cannula inside it, which is a plastic tube connected to a suction pump that It will extract the fetus from the uterus.

After the procedure, the woman will remain under observation for at least two hours, while the effect of the sedative passes and to ensure that the cramps in her belly do not increase. The results with this method are excellent, but as the pregnancy progresses, this technique will not suffice to provoke an abortion effectively, so it will be necessary to complete it with a curettage by scraping the uterine cavity to ensure its complete emptying. that all surgical abortions are performed blindly and it is important to ensure that there are no remains of the fetus inside the uterus.

Surgical abortion, when performed by trained medical personnel, as well as with adequate equipment, a correct technique and under hygienic conditions, is a safe surgical procedure for the first trimester of pregnancy. Abortion by suction and curettage

When aspiration abortion does not completely remove the fetus from the mother's uterus, it is necessary to perform obstetric curettage or shaving.

 Obstetric curettage, as we have just mentioned, is used when tissue remains were left inside the uterus, the product of an incomplete abortion, a spontaneous abortion or after a delivery in which remains of the placenta remained.

 This technique is similar to that of aspiration, the doctor will begin dilating the uterus until it is large enough to introduce the cannula into it, the health professional will suck the fetus, making it sucked inside the tube, along with Amniotic fluid and placenta. The result of the suction will fall into a collection vessel.



  After this the uterine scraping is done to ensure that no part of the body of the fetus has been left inside the uterus. The collection container will be checked to verify that all parts of the fetus are present, as well as the total amount of tissue according to the time of pregnancy. This procedure is not commonly used, since it is unlikely that after the suction remains of the fetus inside the uterus.

The World Health Organization recommends using this technique as long as the abortion by suction has not worked, that is to say that after the procedure there are still parts of the fetus inside the uterus, since if there are traces of the fetus inside the woman it can cause infections and other medical complications.
Abortion due to dilatation and evacuation

When the pregnancy is at a more advanced stage, between week 15 and week 26, this procedure can be performed, which involves dilation of the uterus and extraction of the fetus with surgical and suction instruments.

In this surgery, an instrument called laminaria is used to open the cervix, and another called a curette, which will remove any tissue that is inside the uterus, by scraping. Like the previous procedures, dilatation of the uterus is necessary, to then remove the fetus from the uterus and clean the uterine cavity. This is a two-day procedure, due to the advanced stage of pregnancy.

On the first day the woman is introduced into the cervix the laminaria that will dilate this area; This will be left overnight and you must return the following day to complete the process, otherwise serious complications may occur to your health. This method, also known as gynecological curettage, is used to resolve diseases in women, such as abnormal uterine bleeding: either too heavy or too heavy.

It is also used to remove lining of the uterus in women suffering from polycystic ovaries, to remove tissue retained after delivery, in case of spontaneous or incomplete abortion. This term "gynecological curettage" is used when it comes to diseases of this type in women.

To perform an abortion by dilation and evacuation, general anesthesia is used, so the risks associated with this type of intervention are greater. The World Health Organization recommends this technique as a method only when it is not possible to perform the abortion by aspiration.
The process step by step:

    When you arrive at the health center you must fill out some forms, to know your medical history.

    You will go to an office where you will have an ultrasound, this will show the time of pregnancy, this test is totally painless.

    Then they will do other tests, such as blood and urine, this to verify the state of health in which you are and make sure you do not have other diseases that can put your health at risk.

    Also, your temperature, blood pressure, weight and height will be checked once again to rule out other diseases.

    Later they will make her go to a dress area to put on a hospital gown, to be taken to the area where the abortion will be performed.

    In this room you can talk with the gynecologist about any doubts you have about the process.

    You will be asked to lie down on a stretcher with stirrups, also known as pieceros, on them you will place the feet that will keep you in an open position, which will facilitate the vision to the doctor.

    Then, before starting the process, anesthesia will be placed according to your preference.

There are three types of anesthesia:
Local anesthesia











 You will be awake during the process, only you will not feel anything during the procedure. The doctor will give you the option of taking a muscle relaxant and an analgesic before starting the procedure.

Conscious sedation

 With this option you will feel numb and relaxed during the procedure, the anesthesia reacts differently in each woman, some may feel a bit of sleep, while others may feel very sleepy. If you choose this method you should not eat, drink or smoke anything for four hours before your appointment. General anesthesia

 With this technique you will be completely asleep and unconscious during the whole procedure, it is the least recommended because of the effects that anesthesia can cause on your body. If you choose this method of sedation you will not be able to eat, drink or smoke anything twelve hours before your appointment.    

At the time of beginning the procedure, the doctor will place the speculum in the vagina to dilate it, and place the cannula where the fetus will be suctioned. This process will not hurt since it will be sedated.

     After the doctor has performed the procedure, which lasts approximately 15 minutes, you will go to an observation and recovery room. The estimated recovery time is one hour, but it may vary according to the type of sedation you chose. 

   Finally you can go home, but in most health centers will not let you go alone, so you should ask someone to accompany or pick up at the end of the procedure.

What is the best method

{ surgical abortion The choice of the technique that is more effective and represents less risk for women, will depend on the gestation time of the fetus.

 Until week 10 or week 12 of pregnancy the most effective technique to end an unwanted pregnancy is with abortive pills, since these have a success rate of between 80 and 90 percent, also represent very little risk for women.

 Between week 12 and week 15, the best technique will be curettage by aspiration or suction, a procedure in which the doctor applies to the woman local anesthesia to dilate her and suck the pregnancy product from her uterus, as well as all embryonic tissue including the placenta and the amniotic fluid.

From week 15 to week 26 of pregnancy, the recommended procedure is dilatation and suction, this technique is a bit more risky, since it is done blindly and there is a greater possibility of risk for the woman, because at the time of curettage There may be perforation of the uterus, damage to the cervix, among other complications. With this procedure the woman is completely anesthetized, which could be dangerous in case of allergy to these drugs, there is also the risk of uterine perforation and infections.

After the 16th week of pregnancy, intrauterine cranial compression may be necessary, since the head of the fetus will not fit through the suction cannula.

From week 20 to week 23 of pregnancy, it will be necessary to apply an injection to stop the heart of the fetus. We want to clarify that the more advanced the pregnancy, the more risk it represents for the woman to undergo an abortive procedure.

When it is necessary to do it from the third trimester, either for genetic reasons of the baby or for health risk for the mother, it can be provoked by the prostaglandin, which can be applied together with an injection of amniotic fluid with saline or urea solutions.

This procedure, being similar to a cesarean section, is performed under general anesthesia, as it is considered a major abdominal surgery.

After a surgical abortion the woman will feel menstrual pains that will yield with the analgesics she usually consumes. You will have bleeding for seven to ten days, it is usually scarce, but it can be as abundant as your period.
 


 After some of these procedures it is normal to feel tired and dizzy for a few days, as well as difficulty urinating and nausea resulting from pregnancy hormones, which can be felt the following two weeks later.
These are the associated risks

Like all medical procedures, it can have negative consequences for women, such as the following:

    Incomplete evacuation of the pregnancy product, resulting in infections.
    Perforation of the uterus, especially when scraping with the curette.
    Damage to the endometrium.
    Intrauterine adhesions or Asherman syndrome. After a curettage, the uterine surfaces should heal, but sometimes they stick together and heal together. If this syndrome is not treated, it increases the risk of complications in future pregnancies.
    Damage to the cervix.
    Infections in the uterus or pelvic area.
    Allergy to anesthesia

Damage to the uterine cavity, the cervix, or perforations can be caused because, as we mentioned earlier, they are procedures that are done blindly, increasing the chances of this type of complications occur.

However, if the woman does any of these procedures in a health center with trained medical personnel the risk is much lower, so we reiterate the importance of going to health centers, public or private, authorized for such procedures.
Care after a curettage

The recovery after a curettage is quite simple, so much so that the woman can join the work or her daily activities as soon as she feels well, which could be even the same day of the procedure.

It is common for women to feel abdominal pain, or back pain, which can be alleviated with analgesics. Hot baths, or the use of a thermal pillow can also alleviate the discomfort caused in the belly area.

The menstrual cycle will return normally between two and six weeks after uterine aspiration or uterine curettage. However, ovulation can occur earlier, so the risk of pregnancy is potentially high.

After this type of procedure the woman can get pregnant before her next menstruation. That is why the woman should make sure to take the necessary precautions, especially during the first month after the procedure.

Among the medical recommendations after a termination of pregnancy, is to avoid having sex for the next 10 to 14 days after the procedure, if you can not avoid having sex during this period of time it is advisable to use condoms or condoms.

Likewise, it is advisable to avoid the use of tampons, instead use only sanitary napkins, you can not douch, or bath in the bathtub, only in the shower, at least during this period of time.

After a curettage the woman must be alert to any of these symptoms to see the doctor as soon as possible. The most outstanding are: fever, intense pain, cramps, heavy bleeding with clots, vaginal discharge with a bad smell and dizziness.

One of the most common questions for women after terminating a pregnancy, whether surgical or with pills, is whether they can get pregnant when they are ready for it.

This is because the myth that the woman can not conceive again after abortion still prevails. The good news is that with family planning and if the woman wishes, she can easily get pregnant after an abortion of any kind, even if it is spontaneout




On the contrary, as we mentioned in the recommendations after the procedure, the woman can become pregnant after a procedure of this type.

Medical studies and the experience of those who have practiced some type of abortion assure that there are no negative effects on subsequent fertility in women.

So if you were pregnant, for whatever reason (we are not here to judge you), you should not feel ashamed for wanting to end this pregnancy, we want you to know all the options you have and having enough information you know what is best for you.

If you are young and you have doubts about this unexpected situation, the most important thing is to be calm and avoid isolation, think of the people who can help you, in the closest to you, where you want, seek help and guidance. [To know more: Abortion in adolescence]

Remember that you are not alone and you should not punish yourself for not taking precautions. The decision to end a pregnancy is very personal and both doctors and we recommend advice before making this decision, which is worth noting is irreversible.

As we pointed out in a previous article, a decision like this should be discussed with the couple, with family, friends, counselors, or with whom is willing to listen, but not take it at all alone.

Women who have gone through the experience, claim that having the support of a person of trust, who came to tell you what they were going through, is vital and really important at the psychological level, relieves having the support of that or those people.

Whatever the situation, do not forget that despite the opinions and advice that can give you only you decide on your body!

abort is legal

Once you have analyzed all your options and consider that interrupting pregnancy is your best option you should find a safe place where they will do the procedure, with trained personnel, get the appropriate support to accompany you during the process and a subsequent appropriate medical follow-up.

In this way you will be guaranteed that the procedure will be successful, not only at a medical level, but also at an emotional and psychological level.

Saying that you will feel relief or guilt is daring, because in each woman the process is lived differently, but most women who decide to abort because they consciously believe it is the most convenient for them, feel relief for the decision they made.

However, serious emotional problems may be felt after the process, although they are rare, especially if the pregnancy is desired but must be terminated because the health of the mother or fetus is compromised. [To know more: Therapeutic Abortion]

Opponents or organizations called pro-life insure may cause emotional effects in women called post-abortion syndrome, but this emotional manifestation is not proven, it is not recognized by the National Association of Social Workers, nor by the American Psychological Association.

If a woman feels long periods of sadness, depression or guilt, it is important to seek psychological help and to consult a health professional. There is no right or wrong way to feel about it.

Many times the woman may feel disappointed or afraid of the family, religious consequences or fear of being judged by the decision made. All these emotions are normal, and it is best to speak naturally of it.

Accepting the decision made is the best for the woman who has resolved to end an unwanted pregnancy. In countries where it is legal, many clinics and health centers have counseling to talk about this issue.
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